UGC NET Topic wise
1. Discrete Structures
- Set Theory: Sets, Relations, Functions, Pigeonhole Principle, Inclusion-Exclusion, Equivalence & Partial Orderings, Counting Techniques, Probability, Information & Mutual Information
- Group Theory: Finite fields, Error-correcting/detecting codes
- Graph Theory: Graph basics, walks, paths, trails, connected graphs, bipartite graphs, cycles, circuits, trees, spanning trees, eccentricity, radius, diameter, center of graphs, Hamiltonian & Eulerian graphs, Planar graphs
- Computability: Automata (FA, PDA), Deterministic & Non-deterministic machines, Grammars, Languages, Non-computability, Examples of non-computable problems
2. Data and File Structures
- Data Structures: Arrays, Stacks, Queues, Linked lists, Trees, Graphs, Priority queues, Heaps
- File Structures: Fields, Records, Files; Sequential, Direct, Indexed-sequential, Relative files; Hashing, Inverted lists, Multi-lists; B-trees, B+ trees
3. Programming in C and C++
- C Programming: Tokens, Identifiers, Data types, Control structures, Arrays, Struct, Union, String, Pointers
- OOP Concepts: Class, Object, Instantiation, Inheritance, Polymorphism, Overloading
- C++ Programming: Tokens, Identifiers, Variables, Constants, Data types, Operators, Control statements, Functions & parameter passing, Classes & Objects, Constructors/Destructors, Overloading, Inheritance, Templates, Exception handling
4. Operating Systems (Unix Case Study)
- OS Concepts: Multiprogramming, Multiprocessing, Multitasking
- Memory Management: Virtual memory, Paging, Fragmentation
- Concurrent Processing: Mutual exclusion, Critical regions, Locks
- Scheduling: CPU, I/O, Resource scheduling, Deadlock, Banker’s algorithm
- Unix: File system, Process management, Bourne shell, Shell variables, Command line programming
- Unix Commands: pr, head, tail, cut, paste, sort, uniq, tr, join, grep, egrep, fgrep, sed, awk
- System Calls: creat, open, close, read, write, lseek, link, unlink, stat, fstat, umask, chmod, exec, fork, wait, system
5. Computer Networks
- Network Fundamentals: LAN, MAN, WAN, Wireless Networks, Internetworks
- Reference Models: OSI, TCP/IP
- Data Communication: Channel capacity, Transmission media (wired/wireless), Telephones, ISDN, ATM, Cellular networks, Satellites
- Internetworking: Switch, Hub, Bridge, Router, Gateways, Virtual circuits, Tunneling, Fragmentation, Firewalls
- Routing: Virtual circuits, Datagrams, Algorithms, Congestion control
- Network Security: Cryptography (public & secret key), DNS, Email, WWW
6. Relational Database Design & SQL
- ER Diagrams: Transformation to relational model
- Normalization: 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF, 4NF, Limitations
- SQL: DDL, DML, DCL, Views, Indexes, Sequences, Synonyms, Data dictionary
7. Computer Arithmetic
- Logic: Propositional logic, Predicate logic, WFF, Satisfiability, Tautology
- Logic Families: TTL, ECL, CMOS gates, Boolean algebra, Minimization, Combinational/Sequential circuits, Flip-flops (types, race conditions)
- Representation: Octal, Hex, Decimal, Binary, 1’s & 2’s complement arithmetic, Floating-point representation
8. System Software & Compilers
- Assembly Language: 8085 programming, Assemblers (single & two pass), Macros, Macroprocessors
- Loader & Linker: Loading, Linking, Relocation, Linkage editing, Editors, Debuggers
- Compiler Basics: Compilation vs Interpretation, Bootstrap compilers, Phases of compilation, Lexical analysis, Lex in Unix
- Parsing: CFGs, Parse trees, Bottom-up (shift-reduce, LR, operator precedence, YACC), Top-down (recursive descent, predictive parser, left recursion removal)
- Code Generation & Optimization: Intermediate codes (quadruples, triples), Code generation, Optimization
9. Software Engineering
- SDLC Models: Waterfall, Prototype, Spiral
- Software Metrics: Project management metrics
- Software Design: System, Function-oriented, Object-oriented, UI design, Design metrics
- Coding & Testing: Testing metrics, Quality & reliability, Clean-room approach, Re-engineering
10. Current Trends & Technology
- Parallel Computing: PVM, MPI, Advanced architectures, Supercomputers
- Mobile Computing: Connectivity, Wireless delivery, Switching, Mobile devices, Protocols, Mobile DBs, m-Business
- E-Technologies: E-commerce, E-payment (digital tokens, smart cards, risks), EDI (concepts, standards, security, software)
- Digital Libraries & Data Warehousing: Concepts, Infrastructure, Corporate DW
- Software Agents: Characteristics, Applets, Browsers, Agent technologies
- Broadband & GIS: Frame relay, ATM, SMDS, GIS basics, E-cash, ERP
- Data Warehousing & Data Mining: Architecture, Design, Analysis, Clustering, Classification, Regression, Summarization, Link & Sequence analysis
- Windows Programming: Win32, MFC, Documents/views, Resources, Message handling, Scrolling, Views, Toolbars, Dialogs, MDI, Multithreading, OLE, ActiveX, ATL, Network programming